He takes up the role following the sudden departure of Marta Wosinska in February.
The Chicago Booth professor will begin work at the reserve bank in January.
He started work in the new research leadership role on Dec. 1.
The macroeconomist is widely known for his field-defining work examining business cycle fluctuations.
The agricultural economist leads the university’s student commodity investing program.
The Duke scholar made major contributions to the field on topics including Italy’s economic growth, the Central Bank of Italy and the global economy.
She receives the award for her research on economic policy across an array of different areas.
The Brazilian central banker assumes office on Dec. 19.
He will join the institution on Jan. 1 next year.
The Australian economist’s release comes just two months after he was sentenced to a three-year prison term in military-ruled Myanmar.